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JPilot is available with most Linux distributions. You can also download JPilot from http://www.jpilot.org. To use JPilot you must have pilot-link installed. As JPilot is a gtk+ application, you will also need gtk+.
Gnome-pilot uses a daemon process to communicate with the PDA via pilot-link. Client applications use the daemon, rather than call pilot-link directly. The daemon must be running in order to use the client applications such as the conduits.
Gnome-pilot should be available as part of Gnome. The home page for the project is at http://www.gnome.org/projects/gnome-pilot/.
Gnome-pilot configuration is done through the Gnome control centre. If you have gnome-pilot installed, you should have a "Pilot Link" section under the peripherals section of the control centre.
Click on the devices tab, then click "Add". You should see the "Device Settings" dialog box.
The "Name" field can contain anything to help you identify the port that you create.
The "Port" field should contain the port to which you attach your PDA. The port should be the same as you use for pilot-link.
The speed and timeout values will depend on your device. Try the defaults, and change them if you have problems synchronising.
The "Type" should be set to your device type.
Once you have configured the device, you can configure the actual PDA:
Click on the "Pilots" tab, then click on "Add...". You should then see the "Pilot Settings" dialog box.
If you already have a user name set up on the PDA, click "Get from pilot" to download the username and ID. Otherwise, click "Send to pilot" to set up your username on the PDA.
The "Pilot Attributes" allow you to name your PDA and set a local directory to use for the conduits.
The "Sync action" determines what happens when you press the hotsync button on your PDA. The default is "Use conduit settings". This allows you to customise set different sync actions for each conduit.
Once you have configured your PDA, you need to configure the conduits.
The latest version of Evolution can be downloaded from http://www.ximian.com. Evolution is designed mainly for use with Ximian Gnome, and installing it independently involves resolving a number of dependencies.
As with gnome-pilot, kpilot uses a pilot-link via a daemon process.
KPilot is available from http://www.slac.com/pilone/kpilot_home
TODO: Again, I don't really use KDE, but will give it a spin.
In addition to the notes, XNotesPlus provides PIM features, and integrates the notes feature with the todo list and addressbook. Note that XNotesPlus does not perform a true synchronisation, but simply replaces changed databases.
The XNotesPlus web page at http://www.graphics-muse.org/xnotes/xnotes.html contains full installation and use instructions.
XNotes is shareware, and not freely distributable.